THE ROLE OF SOFT POWER IN MODERN DIPLOMACY: THE CASE OF CHINA’S CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES

Abstract

This paper explores the role of Confucius Institutes in China’s soft power strategy, examining how these cultural institutions contribute to China’s global influence. The study utilizes a qualitative case study approach, analyzing Confucius Institutes in the United States, Africa, and Europe. It finds that while Confucius Institutes successfully promote Chinese language and culture, they also face significant political controversies related to academic freedom and China’s political influence. The paper argues that Confucius Institutes are integral to China’s broader cultural diplomacy, yet their effectiveness is limited by concerns over censorship and propaganda. The findings highlight the institutes’ role in shaping public perceptions of China, fostering diplomatic ties, and supporting China’s geopolitical interests, while also raising important questions about the balance between cultural exchange and political influence.